Recommending a Computer System - 997 Words

m Recommending a computer system By Mark Woods Contents Page Page 1: Title Page Page 2: Contents Page Page 3: Introduction Computer Systems Page 4: Computer Systems Cont. Page 5: Specification Comparison Table Internet and e-mail Conclusion 2 Introduction This is a report written for Sharon Woods. Sharon is a self-employed beautician who is in need of a computer system to use in her business and for personal use and so came to I for advice. Sharon has a beauticians in the city centre, But will also be using her computer system at home in her study. The computer system†¦show more content†¦And the 500GB hard drives on all of the laptops in this report are more than up to the task of storing all of Sharon’s music. To use internet in her beauticians, I would recommend Sharon would be best to look at some sort of USB dongle. However I would recommend she downloaded all of her music at home so as she didn’t eat into her data allowance. As for e-mail Sharon could create two separate e-mail accounts with windows hotmail as she could personalise her e-mail addresses to her liking. Conclusion The laptop I am going to recommend is the ACER Aspire S3-391 Ultrabook.Overall it is the best laptop for Sharon’s business and personal needs.It provides her with the software she needs to create her own advertisements, invoices, letters and to keep track of her accounts for her business. It also provides her with the ability to surf the internet and go shopping online as well as download music and due to the Acer having a DVD re-writer allow her to create her own CDs through windows media player. The Acer also is the lightest laptop in this comparison and therefore will be easy for Sharon to transport between her beauticians and home. 5 Mark Woods Recommending a computer system Acer Lenovo Sony VAIO RAM 4GB 4GB 4GB Hard drive 500GB 500GB 500GB Cd/DVD Drive DVD Re-Writer DVD Re-Writer SupermultiShow MoreRelatedFunctional Status Of The Client s Laptop Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesprocessing, reading comprehension, reading, executive function and the writing process. Functional Limitations and Potential Assistive/Rehabilitation Technology Solutions: Genevieve is familiar with using a computer. She currently purchased an ASUS, Windows 10 laptop with 8GB of RAM, 64 Bit operating system. She has a cell phone with 4GB of RAM., and she does not have an All in One printer. Reading: Genevieve states so she can read, but reads at a slow rate. 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International Political Economy of China †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the International Political Economy of China. Answer: Introduction Development is directly associated with prosperity. The origination of development dates back to the past six decades and gained significance immediately after the 2nd World War. The process of empowering people to equip them with the potential to pursue goals to improve their well-being, destiny, and environment is referred to as development. There had been challenges by the Western countries in their attempts to rebuild the nations that had been shuttered by the war (Carswell De Neve, 2013). The most frontier challenge for development strategy is moving beyond optimal economic policies prescription, having a more comprehensive view of the social-economic and political dynamics and constraints, and initiating a virtuous spiral of cumulative change. The country was formerly referred to a third world nation whose industrial development consumed excess resources that what the country was able to produce (Coe Hess, 2013). In the past decade, China as a government has been at the foref ront of getting solutions to their then worsened economy. From its statist, modernist, and in particular its liberal beginnings; Chinas development is going through a neoclassical phase that is imperfect due to its strong industrial revolution. Today, China is amongst the fastest growing countries around the globe. This study seeks to find out whether state-led development strategies are finding their way back into fashion in close reference to China. Are State-Led Development Strategies Coming back into Fashion Transformational governance, state capacity building, focused governance, and bottom-up development have come back to fashion in China. China has worked out on implementing state-led development strategies in its market-based economy. Research shows that more than 600 million citizens have been brought out of extreme poverty and this is the step behind the countrys growth in the world economy (Huang Wu, 2012). These state-led development strategies adopted by China have doubled the median wages for an average worker; as a result, China is the World's leading innovator to green energies. The topic under discussion is justifiable since China's domestic life sciences have been seen to grow bolstering significant incentives and investments form the countrys authoritative government. China's size and scale offer the nation a perfect opportunity to continue diversifying its economic activities over its global value chain. This adoption of state-led development strategies coupled with the market-led approach is continually making China a substantial domestic consumer market and large returns generation (Lane Myant, 2016. Below are five models used by China in its state-led development strategies which will help in arguing the question at hand on whether state-led development strategies are coming back to fashion in China; Critical Theories- Marxism The Marxist theory focuses on political practices as the end goal of all governments thoughts. The Chinese government introduced western Marxism to the country in the early 1970s to alleviate the constraints of the Great Cultural Revolution," and its theoretical basis. The Marxism theory brought continued revolution under which people's minds were emancipated and dictatorship was eliminated (McNally, 2012). In China, Marxism is the most famous model of state-led development strategy applied by the government in driving its political, social, and economic goals. China keeps upgrading its industrial revolution, and this is an advanced state-led development strategy which influences peoples life and opportunities for growth. China understands the conditions of working-class people and has been taking advanced actions to incorporate them in industrial policy formulations that can help China prosper. The events of 1978 in China are continually being manifest in its current state of growth. All citizens were involved in debating the most suitable market and state economic policies that could help the country prosper. The debate resulted from the political struggles and ideological differences that the Chinese Communist Party faced. The application of Karl Max model has been bringing amenable results, putting development in practice, and enhancing supplementation in accordance to the millennium development goals (MDGs) of China (Gereffi Wyman, 2014). Through the application of Karl Marx theory, China has been able to alleviate poverty and political instabilities that formerly affected its economic growth. The Chinese academia has attracted a widespread attention to the study of the Marxist theory. China seeks to deliver essential amenities (goods and services) to all its population, and the application of Marxism has been critical to saving the country's socialism. China continues to develop its socialist modernization with the demonstration of western modernization, and this has made China one of the leading economies in the world. Over the last decade, China's economic success has made the country become the world's second-largest economy. China as a government and its people played a paramount role in this rapid expansion and its development in the global political and economic environments (Koh, 2015). The state-led development strategies adopted by the Chinese Communist Party in the 1970s continues to takes its route into Chinas current development fashion state. Political leadership in China has brought extensive development the countrys healthcare, education, and infrastructure. However, China is known to have lacked policy and state-led institutions that can coordinate public versus private partnerships in the country (Musacchio, Lazzarini, Aguilera, 2015). Recently, China has established a framework for supporting public and private relationships and this has been helpful in ensuring that development policies and goals get realized. Liberalism and Capitalism-Economic Institutions such as WTO As a developmental state, China has moved from communist to capitalist. Liberalism involves a political system that emphasizes on equity to citizens rights, opportunities, and individual liberty. On the other side, capitalism involves an economic system that operates in a market economy over which production rights are privately owned (Strange, 2010). China remains to be a liberal, democratic, and a capitalist nation in its endeavors to advance its prospects to state-led development goals. China uses the best development approaches to economic development and industrial revolution due to the liberal nature of its government. As a state-led development nation, China continually formulates stable policies that insulate government bureaucracies from political demands that derailed the state-led approaches by the Communist government in the 1970s. State-led development strategies are on course in China, and this is the major reason behind China's fastest growing industrial economy in the world (Oatley, 2015). China offers its citizens equitable opportunities for a job as well as the patent right to own private firms in various industries such as health and infrastructure. Currently, research shows that China has pulled ahead of the United States of America regarding purchasing-power parity. These continued advances to the modern fashion of state-leadership have created strong warnings that the future of China lies within the authoritarian market managers and that liberal-capitalism appears triumphant at China. With this pace of growth and development, China is projected to dominate the worlds industrial economy in the next five years. Further, China is a member of the World Trade Organization which is the largest economic institution in the world. The decision by the Chinese government to become a member of WTO in 2001 has been significant in its economic growth. This membership signified China's deeper desire to get integrated into the world economy. As a result, the WTO membership has provided China with advanced access to foreign markets something which has reduced international trade barriers significantly (Vijayakumar, Sridharan, Rao, 2010). A primary state-led strategy by China was attracting foreign investment, and this has continually been advanced by China's membership to WTO. Further, state-led development strategies are back into Fashion at China in that China is undergoing economic transformations which offer the country with firmer and speedier economic progress as compared to other second world class countries (Onuf, 2012). Further, the liberal political system of government in China has created a s ystem over which the nation keeps enjoying long-term growth in production and enhancing competitiveness in the world market. The industrial growth in China has also been advanced by its WTO membership whereby the Chinese people have secured job opportunities in foreign countries due to their outstanding innovation and world-class engineering skills. This current state at China reflects foreseeable economic transformation and development of China, and this represents equitable growth, balance, and sustainability. China's performance in the past five years shows its sober economic resilience, financial crisis alleviation, and immense development strategies as a state-led nation around the globe. Stare-Led Talk on China-Beijing Consensus- Economic Power Economic power refers to the ability of a country to own sufficient productive resources that enable its design and enforce economic decisions such as resource allocation and the apportionment of goods and services. China is a richer and a prosperous country, and this makes the country enjoy more economic power and influence in the state-market place than the developing nations. As the leading producer in the industrial revolution industry, China is a free market whereby the price for products is determined by the forces of supply and demand. Regarding gross domestic product, China's socialist market economy is rated to be the world's second largest as per the purchasing power parity (Parkin, 1981). The state-led development strategies are taking a course to fashion in China through its advanced steps and rise to global economic superpower. Today, China has diversified its industrial revolution in the engineering sector to most world's countries whereby they construct roads for loans . Further, the rating by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to rate China as the number one economic superpower has helped China diversify its industrial activities and hence continue growing its economy. The state-led talk on China-Beijing consensus was once viewed to be an awkward and unsustainable blend of capitalist economics and authoritarian politics. However, China's present growth model has impressed in the recent past making the Beijing Consensus attract many admirers globally. The state-led talk that drawn global attendance is currently making China the most significant investment banker hence attracting the most celebrities who have a great interest in resolving the pressing challenges in their political economies (Raco, 2014). As a result of this consensus, Chinas economic power has grown to the most unthought-of level. The China-Beijing consensus implemented development strategies worth $600 billion making Chinas economy grow by 9 percent. Chinas performance continues to influence and inspire other developing countries/ economists not to give up but ensure their strategies are rightly set. The Chinese Economic Model (China-Beijing Consensus) challenged the democratic capitalism by the western world nations. The World Economic Forum deliberated on development strategies that enhance political stability in the nation some of the agenda including resources allocation, investment by government to various industries, and the source of financial resources required to make the country a more developed nation (Saich, 2000). As a result, China has become the world's economy's number two ahead of Japan and gaining a competitive advantage over the US. Government policy toolkit, corporate allegiance, resources sourcing, and strategic priorities were also discussed in the China Model. This builds China's economic strength hence upgrading the countries profile in international affairs. Before the China-Beijing Consensus, China suffered global economic crisis through the unscathed downturns set by the world's unfavorable market environment (Selwyn, 2013). Today, the authorities of Ch ina can design long-term strategic and development priorities that are systematically viable and suitable to the fiscal challenges that exist in China. Global Production Network The concept of Global Production Network (GPN) explains the interconnection of functions, transactions, and operations through which products or services are produced, distributed, and consumed. China realized/ unleashed its productive potential through GPN. Since the early 1970s, China was trying to unravel and understand the global economy's complexities which posed huge inequalities and empirical difficulties to its social-economic and political growth. The use of GPN which is restricted to the global value chain and commodity chain has brought China to its current economic progress (Sikor Mller, 2009). The use of liberal governance which helps the government discharge and allocates its resources equitably made the Chinese get educated and gain excellent, innovative skills in various sectors. Today, China is enjoying the fruits of fairness and equity in governance. Within the transnational space, GPNs continue to help China establish solid economic relationships with other world economies. China continues to specialize in the industrial revolution in specific core competencies and strategic new business areas across the globe. Through IMF, the country has been advised on how to mitigate investment risks which arise from severe market demand fluctuations in the nations they venture at. There have been advanced standardization and modularization of China's produced products, and this helps remain economically stable (Farrell, Newman, 2010). The Global Production Networks have helped China alleviate global firms costs problems something which has formed a long-term solution to the country's competitive flight from other large world economies. China today is like one community, the country has the world's best modern infrastructure which interconnects all cities and regions across the entire nation. This has made China a unique marketplace and makes people trade freely from one city to another hence making the economy grow. Further, China outsources to its independent suppliers its productive operations, and this has continually boosted its production flexibility without incurring further significant financial liabilities related to the establishment of new service facilities. Further, the cost of production modifications is lowered through innovation of new technological ideas that boost both small and large-scale economic activities in the country (Duffield, 2014). Currently, China is moving a step ahead to establishing itself as an industrial decomposition through which creative and reflective industrial actors perpetually thrive. Today, there is no product that China does not produce or manufacture and this is due to its improved Global Production Networks. Brazil, Russian, India, China (BRIC)- Role Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC) convene in the Xiamen city at China for their annual summit to discuss the future of the globalized economy. BRIC is the worlds leading emerging economies. Recent research shows that China enjoys success in its global supply chains making it's the world's second-largest economy by GDP ( Baylis, Owens, Smith, 2017). However, in the year 1990, China's productive capacity formed less than 3 percent of the globe's manufacturing output something which has been overturned by this recent research. This success by China can be attributed by its membership with BRIC whose main aims are protecting their economies, lifting the largely populated poor regions, and safeguarding their social, economic, and political environments (Block Keller, 2015). The ability to fight corruption by China has made the country to become the most developed nation amongst all BRIC members. Financing from BRIC impacts development to the members and the roles of BRIC include: Facilitating advanced implementation of past policy commitments: China has the role of advancing past policy commitment implementation among the BRIC nations to enhance long-term growth through structural reforms, financial stability, and innovation. Encouraging cooperation among the BRIC nations: China has the role of supporting the BRIC countries work together to alleviate the external economic environment challenges that are unfavorable to them. Promotion of stable and resilient international financial structure: BRICS aims at creating a stable financial environment over which its members can enjoy and emerge as worlds best economies. Promotion of global trade: BRICS other role is jointly enhancing global growth in trade that enhances regional trade agreements transparency. To achieve this role, BRICS use internal exchanges and shared expertise to unify their economic stances in a unified manner. Conclusion State-led development strategies are coming back into fashion. China is the world's second-largest industrial economy and has the potential to lead the world market in the next five years. China has one of the Worlds largest population size who demand equal access to government resources and social amenities. The Chinese government is industrially upgrading. Over the past decades, China has designed various state-led development strategies some of which include; developing China's research capacity, investment in star research, funding downstream knowledge translation and transfer, and building industrial RD infrastructure. China as a country targets to move its global value chain. However, China has one of the highest populations in the world, and this poses a threat to its continued economic development in future. On the contrary, this state-led model of development adopted by China promises a great chance for growth rather than recession. References Baylis, J., Owens, P., Smith, S. (Eds.). (2017).The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press. Block, F. L., Keller, M. R. (2015).State of innovation: the US government's role in technology development. Routledge. Carswell, G., De Neve, G. (2013). Labouring for global markets: Conceptualising labor agency in global production networks. Geoforum,44, 62-70. Coe, N. M., Hess, M. (2013). Global production networks, labor, and development. Geoforum,44, 4-9. Duffield, M. (2014).Global governance and the new wars: The merging of development and security. Zed Books Ltd. Farrell, H., Newman, A. L. (2010). Making global markets: Historical institutionalism in international political economy.Review of International Political Economy,17(4), 609-638. Gereffi, G., Wyman, D. L. (Eds.). (2014).Manufacturing miracles: paths of industrialization in Latin America and East Asia. Princeton University Press. Huang, C., Wu, Y. (2012). State-led technological development: A case of Chinas nanotechnology development.World Development,40(5), 970-982. Koh, S. Y. (2015). State?led talent return migration programme and the doubly neglected Malaysian diaspora: Whose diaspora, what citizenship, whose development?.Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography,36(2), 183-200. Lane, D., Myant, M. (Eds.). (2016).Varieties of capitalism in post-communist countries. Springer. McNally, C. A. (2012). Sino-capitalism: China's reemergence and the international political economy.World Politics,64(4), 741-776. Musacchio, A., Lazzarini, S. G., Aguilera, R. V. (2015). New varieties of state capitalism: Strategic and governance implications.The Academy ofManagement Perspectives,29(1), 115-131. Oatley, T. (2015).International political economy. Routledge. Onuf, N. G. (2012).World of our making: rules and rule in social theory and international relations. Routledge. Parkin, F. (1981). Marxism and class theory: A bourgeois critique. Raco, M. (2014). Delivering Flagship Projects in an Era of Regulatory Capitalism: State?led Privatization and the London Olympics 2012.International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,38(1), 176-197. Saich, T. (2000). Negotiating the state: The development of social organizations in China.The China Quarterly,161, 124-141. Selwyn, B. (2013). Social upgrading and labor in global production networks: a critique and an alternative conception. Competition Change,17(1), 75-90. Sikor, T., Mller, D. (2009). The limits of state-led land reform: An introduction.World Development,37(8), 1307-1316. Strange, S. (Ed.). (2010).Paths to International Political Economy (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Vijayakumar, N., Sridharan, P., Rao, K. C. S. (2010). Determinants of FDI in BRICS Countries: A panel analysis.International Journal of Business Science Applied Management,5(3).

Movie Forest Gump Essays - English-language Films,

Movie Forest Gump Today I am doing my oral presentation on the Drama movie Forest Gump rated M15. (pause) This movie traces a fictitious life to portray and comment on significant social events in the united states of America, in the 1960's, 70's and 80's. The movie is about a man named Forest Gump who is seen by others to be stupid, but he has achieved more than any ordinary person. Forest, played by the award winning Tom Hanks, tells his life story while sitting at a bus stop and comparing it to a box of chocolates, because he doesn't know what's going to happen next While telling his story, the audience is taken back to when forest is a small boy in country Alabama USA. Because forest is classed as stupid and has braces put on his legs to fix his spine, the kids he attends school with think of him as a freak, except one, Forests love, Jenny. Jenny is a girl who lives with her sisters and their abusive father on a large corn farm. As Jenny and Forest get older, Jenny starts to take a different path to Forest and drifts in and out of his life through out the movie which, understandable creates heart ache for Forest. We are taken through Forests life as a College football star, which sees a lot of controversy. When Forest graduates college, he decides to join the army, where he meets his new found best friend Bubba. In 1963, Forest and Bubba are sent to fight in the Vietnam war. Under the watchful eye of Lieutenant Dan Taylor, Forest unsuspectingly becomes a hero. On his return to America, Forest is awarded the congressional medal that is presented by President Nixion. This is one of my favourite scenes because this scene show Forests carefree personality and his sensibility all though at times both are challenged. SHOW TAPE!! While Forest was injured during the war, he takes up the game ping pong and becomes a champion. With the money made from his success, he buys a fishing boat and becomes a shrimp mastermind along with the help of Lieutenant Dan. One day after Jenny has left Forests life once again, he decides he wants to go for a run. He tells himself he will run to the next county but doesn't stop, infact he doesn't stop until 3 and a half years later. Through out this movie there are twists that are unsuspected, including the ending which will bring a tear to anybody's eye. (pause) Whilst watching this movie I came across a couple of morals. The strongest one I got was that no matter what you dream is keep trying and it will be within reach. This Memorable movie was produced by Wendy Finerman, Steve Tisch and Steve starkey. Although their names are not well known as producers they put all there talent into this movie, along with the help of the director Robert Zemeckis. Lastly I would like to comment on my favourite phrase of this movie that Forest used many times, Stupid is as stupid does With that I rate this excellent movie 8 out of 10. Thank you Bibliography none Poetry Essays

My Values essays

My Values essays People have very different reasons on why going to college and getting an education is important for them. Some people go to college because that is what is expected of them, and others go because they have nothing else better to do. However, I am interested in going to college and obtaining a good education because it will benefit my family, my country, and me. My parents have this perfect life for me pictured in their heads, and the first thing they see me doing is going to college. They expect the best of me, and so by going to college, I will not only have fulfilled their goals for me, but I will have accomplished one of the goals I have set for myself. In our culture, when parents come to the age where they cant support themselves, it is the duty of the children to look after them. We dont just throw our elders into retirement homes and visit them twice every year. We are expected to meet their wants and needs, and that will not be possible without a good education, which will then lead to a good job. As you know, a college education is good for each individual, but not only that, it is good for the country. As a college education becomes more obtainable through the use of financial aid, our country benefits the most. We are the future businessmen and women of America, and through our knowledge, the country will grow. The education we get today will help us prosper in the future, and the more we expand our horizons, the more the economy will increase. If students are denied an education because they dont have the means to pay for college, then they are deprived of accomplishing their goals and reaching their fullest potential. In the words of Michael Jackson, The dream we were conceived in will reveal a joyful face, and the world we once believed in will shine again in grace. With the students of today being educated, the people of tomorrow will prosper. Now that Ive explained how my goi...

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

History - Essay Example They loathed anything that was even remotely communist in nature. This feeling was partly fuelled by the innate anti-communist spirit as well as the effect of the vendetta by the politicians. This was a part of the wider policy of containment followed by the United States of America (Addington, 2000). The war ended with the takeover of Saigon by the North Vietnamese in the year 1975 and the cessation of war which was a byproduct of the Case-Church agreement. Military intervention by the Americans was a strategy that was followed with great effect in the Korean War. However, the defeat in the Vietnam put a serious mark on the policy of containment that concentrated on the military intervention as a deterrent (Daum & Gardner, 2003). The war showed a lot of inadequacy on the part of the Special Forces in the country. Even the American marines also failed severely in the war. It put into doubt and criticism on the American military’s policy of attrition. This policy came under hea vy fire as that led to a lot of casualties on the war front. This particular war showcased the vulnerability of the American forces towards guerilla warfare. The Vietnam War caused a widespread imbalance on the industrial front. The factories that would be used for the production of domestic goods were used for the production of military goods. The funds were mainly overseas, that caused the incidence of a weak dollar (Isserman & Bowman, 2003).

Guadalcanal Battle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guadalcanal Battle - Essay Example After the victory at ‘Battle of Midway’ American forces started planning for recapturing of Pacific Islands from Japanese. The first event in this direction was the Guadalcanal battle. The use of islands, like Guadalcanal, Tulagi and Florida in Southern Solomon by Japanese forces was proving a major threat to supply routes between USA, Australia and New Zealand. The battle began for the sole purpose of ensuring safety for these routes.There was difference of opinion in Japan over the importance of this island. While many army officers thought it better to manage the existing and over-stretched empire, the other faction wanted further territorial expansion. This could be a reason for the Japanese lacking the will to counter allied attacks at Guadalcanal. Leading the attack on August 07, 1942, allied forces expected stiff resistance from Japanese army, but the tactical combined approach by allied forces took the other side by complete surprise and they did not find any res istance from Japanese. This boosted the will of allied forces to head for all-out victory. Although the rough climate and weather caused communication and operational problems for Americans, there was no fighting on the island for almost 24 hours, after the attack. However, the following days   witnessed severe fighting as Japanese cruiser force attack eventually threw the Allied forces out of the reach of the crucial Guadalcanal airfield.Such disarray within Japanese forces was the major element for American victory.... The rough terrain faced by Japanese was another factor for the American victory, as Japanese forces were down with fatigue and could not prove their mettle in counter-offensive attacks. Such disarray within Japanese forces was the major element for American victory. (The Battle of Guadalcanal) Lessons learnt The lessons from this battle have relevance to current defense preparations by the US. Various defense studies have reinforced the fact that America cannot afford to neglect events in the Pacific region, if the country has to safeguard its economic and security interests. With China increasing its military might and economic hold on world trade, the importance of Pacific region is still high on the American defense agenda. The challenges posed by many nations towards ‘anti-access’ or ‘area –denial’ strategies for Americans still pose threats to the country’s security. These causes lead to the battle of Guadalcanal, forcing Americans to reca pture strategic Pacific islands from Japan, during world war. They are important even today. (Holzer) Logistics of the area remains a challenge, irrespective of the development of modern weaponry with latest technology. Supply routes are vulnerable even today. The time and distance involved with any military operations in the area has relevance even today, as the forces need to access the rough vast terrain of the region. The lessons learnt by marines and sailors during Guadalcanal battle have been relevant for all the following campaigns in Pacific region. The policy changes for Asia-pacific, including military strategies have been influenced by such lessons, being relevant for Marine and Naval Corps in 2012, as well. (Holzer) Examples of intelligence failures Command and control

Financial Crisis and Brazil Essay Example for Free

Financial Crisis and Brazil Essay The economic crisis that has swept the world since 2008 has wrought havoc in national economies all over the world. As a group, one of the more particularly hard-hit groups of nations has been the Latin American countries of Central and South America. One notable exception to this trend appeared to be the nation of Brazil. The gloomy projections appeared not to apply to Brazil. According to Mauricio Cardenas of the Brooking institute: This doom and gloom has not infected Brazil, however, where President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva is showing unprecedented self-assurance. Speaking in Madrid, Lula said somewhat rhetorically that this idea that markets can do everything is over,† and more fundamentally â€Å"The times in which emerging countries depended on the IMF are over. † This is not Hugo Chavez speaking, but the president of Latin America’s largest economy, who enjoys 80 percent popularity in his country. (Cardenas, 2008) Although Brazil weathered the early months of the financial crisis better than its Latin American neighbors, the longer the crisis has continued, the more the Brazilian economy has weakened. One of the factors that prevented an immediate collapse of the Brazilian Economy in the wake of the 2008 Crisis was the relative lack of foreign banks in the country. (Cardenas, 2008) Unlike many Latin American nations that have a high percentage of foreign banks (i. e. Mexico: 80% foreign banks), Brazil has only 30% foreign banks. (Cardenas, 2008) In the short term, this allowed Brazil to assume that a contraction in foreign lending would not have as deep an impact on their economy than that of other nations. Brazilian banks, in times of previous economic prosperity, had built reserves, rather than engaging in profligate loaning, leading to the hopes that these reserves were sufficient against the day that foreign banks severely restricted credit. (Cardenas, 2008) By September of 2008, this theory seemed to erode in the face of certain economic indicators. The Bovespa index, a market indicator similar to the Dow Jones industrial Average, lost half of its value from May to September of 2008. (Cardenas, 2008) 10% of that drop occurred in the second half of September. More strikingly, the value of Brazil’s currency, the Real, fell 32% against other world currencies. (Cardenas, 2008) These factors show that Brazil may still be prone to suffer in the economic crisis. Other analysts, such as John Williamson of the Peterson Institution of international Economics, have been less sanguine about the prospects of Brazil’s economy. Wiliamson stated: Moreover, the markets decided that while many of the emerging economies might no longer have any need for an inflow of loans, many (like Brazil) are still significant net debtors to the rest of the world and therefore still vulnerable to a sudden withdrawal of foreign credit. Compounding this is the fact that one may have a balanced overall position and still be vulnerable because debts are concentrated at short maturities. Hence one read, for example, of the Bovespa index falling by over 10 percent in a day (it has cumulatively halved in value since the peak in May). Likewise, the real has fallen by a cumulative 32 percent in the past month. The markets clearly do not believe that Brazil has been made invulnerable†¦ (Williamson, 2008) The world market contraction has had a significant effect on Brazil’s foreign trade. (Williamson, 2008) The export economy has relied upon raw materials for 50% of exports, and the prices of these materials have dropped dramatically in the face of world-wide declines in demand. (Williamson, 2008) The other half of Brazil’s exports, differentiated manufactured goods have also decreased in the face of reduced demand. Ironically, the weakness of the real against foreign currencies has softened the negative effect of these factors. (Williamson, 2008) The soft real will inspire increased purchase of manufactured goods from Brazil. This will soften, but not eliminate, the negative effects of low demand. The decrease in foreign capital that these commodity price decreases have reflected, will rapidly eat through Brazil’s trade surplus, and put strain on lending institutions in Brazil. (Williamson, 2008) The future of Brazil’s economy has been reported with varying degrees of optimism. The GDP of Brazil is projected to contract anywhere from 1. 5 to 20% in 2009 after growing 5% in 2008. (Williamson, 2008) An increase in the shift of agricultural exports to China has also contributed to the overall positive projections of the Brazilian economy. (Xinhua, 2009) The increase from March of 2008 (8. 5%) to March of 2009 (12. 5%) amounts of agricultural exports to China reflect this phenomenon. (Xinhua, 2009) The president of Brazil claims that the crisis has passed, and that Brazil has weathered the worst part of the economic crisis of 2008. (Xinhua, 2009) The longevity of the world-wide recession will determine if this is in fact a true prediction. (Xinhua, 2009) Brazil weathered the economic crisis of 2008 comparatively well, but suffered great financial repercussions late in the year. The economy seems to be in a stage of recovery, but its continued well being will rely on the recovery of other nations that control lending power and demand for Brazil’s exports. Work Cited Cardenas, M. (2008) â€Å"Global Financial Crisis: Is Brazil a Bystander? † Retrieved June 4th, 2009 from Brookings Institution website: http://www. brookings. edu/opinions/2008/1015_financial_crisis_cardenas. aspx Williamson, J. (2008) â€Å"The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Brazil† Retrieved June 4th, 2009 from Peterson Institution of international Economics website: http://www. iie. com/publications/papers/williamson1008. pdf Xinhua (2009) â€Å"Brazils agricultural exports to China up 52. 5 percent in March† Retrieved June 4th 2009 from China’s people’s Daily website: http://english. people. com. cn/90001/90778/90857/90861/6634356. html